Loss Tangent: The Critical Parameter for Managing Signal Attenuation in Advanced PCBs 1: Understanding the Fundamental Definition of Loss Tangent 1.1 Loss Tangent—Definition and Electromagnetic Foundations    At its core, Loss Tangent (also referred to as dissipation factor or tan δ) is a dielectric material parameter that quantifies how efficiently electromagnetic energy is stored versus how much...

Beyond the Number: Why the Dielectric Constant is a Critical Criterion in High-Speed Material Selection 1. Understanding the Dielectric Constant: What the Dielectric Constant Really Represents    In this first section, we will establish a clear and rigorous definition of the dielectric constant, explain why it arises, and describe how it influences electromagnetic behavior inside a PCB. This secti...

From Failure to Solution: Leveraging PCB Failure Analysis for Quality Improvement and Process Optimization Understanding the Fundamentals of PCB Failure Analysis 1.1 What Is PCB Failure Analysis? — PCB Failure Analysis as a Diagnostic Science    PCB Failure Analysis is a structured investigative methodology used to identify the physical, chemical, electrical, or mechanical reasons behind PCB malfu...

Building a Robust Testing Strategy: A Comparative Analysis of In-Circuit vs. Functional Test 1. Understanding Functional Test in PCB Manufacturing 1.1 What Is Functional Test: Definition and Core Principles    At its core, a Functional Test (often abbreviated as FCT) is a comprehensive validation process that verifies whether a fully assembled printed circuit board operates according to its intend...